Conditional Sentence 3

 CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 3

 IF CLAUSES / CONDITIONAL CLAUSES (Type 3)

Conditional clauses consist of two sentences. One is a clause that starts with if, which is called as ‘if clause’. The other is called the Main clause. Each sentence has a verb. It is important to know which tenses are to be used in these clauses and they play a big role in determining the meaning of the sentence. Detailed information for the type 3 is given below:

Type	If clause (condition)	Main clause (result)
Type 3	Past perfect If   +   Past perfect continuous         Could have + 3	would Subject +   could    + have + V3 might

FUNCTION :

The conditional sentences indicate us a possible condition and its probable result. It means  that the expected actions depends on a condition. If Clauses – Type 3 is used to express the past and  the impossible situations that can no longer be changed.

Purpose of Third Type ?

    The conditional sentences indicate us a possible condition and its probable result. It means  that the expected actions depends on a condition. If Clauses – Type 3 is used to express the past and  the impossible situations that can no longer be changed.

EXAMPLE :

1. The sentence can begin with an if clause or a main clause. If the sentence begins with an ‘if clause’, put a comma between the if clause and the main clause.

(If) + (past tense, or could ) + (,) + ( present unreal conditional (would) or modals)

(present unreal conditional (would) or modals ) + (if) + (past tense, or could)

Examples:

• If I had studied, I would have passed the exam. (or) I would have passed the exam if I had studied.
• If the museum had been open, we would have seen many different handworks. (or) We would have seen many different handworks if the museum had been open.
• If the child had had breakfast, she would have been active. (or) She would have been active if the child had had breakfast.

2. If you want, we can use modals in both ‘ıf clause’ and ‘main clause’ or you can use modals only in one part.

Examples:

• If I had had the  power, I might have looked after myself.
• If my son could have taken the English course, he could have passed the exam.
• If  she could have gone to Mexico, she would have seen the best friends.

3. In Type 3, one or two of the clauses can be negative

Examples:

• If I had passed my exam, I would not ( wouldn’t ) have been sad.
• If you had not ( hadn’t ) listened to me, you wouldn’t have been successful.
• If she hadn’t fallen off the bicycle, she would have arrived at the school in time.

4. Using Type3 in questions

Examples:

• What would have happen if there hadn’t been any electricity in our lives?
• Would you have helped me if you had had time?
• Wouldn’t you have studied hard if I hadn’t warned you?
• What would you have done if you had had lots of money?

5. Tenses and structures can be used in If Clauses- Type 3 are given below:

a. In If Clause; we can use past perfect tense, past perfect continuous tense and  could + have + V3.

Examples:

• If Jack had known where you were, he would probably have came you.
• If you had been looking around carefully, you would have seen me.
• If they could have developed their bussiness, they would have enlarged their workplaces.

b. In main clause; We can use would + have + V3, could + have + V3 and might + have +V3.

Examples:

• If you had came here a bit early, you would have seen the most famous actor of London.
• If my income had been very much, I could have bought a house with a garden.
• If I had been an educated mother, I might have brought up my children better.

Example

• If it had rained, you would have gotten wet.
• You would have gotten wet if it had rained.
• You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder.
• If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam.
• I would have believed you if you hadn't lied to me before.
• If you hadn't lied to me before, I would have believed you.

Contractions

Both would and had can be contracted to 'd, which can be confusing if you are not confident with type 3 conditional sentences. Remember 2 rules:
1. would never appears in the if-clause so if 'd appears in the if clause, it must be abbreviating had.
2. had never appears before have so if 'd appears on a pronoun just before have, it must be abbreviating would.

Examples

• If I'd known you were in hospital, I'd have visited you.
• If I had known you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
• I'd have bought you a present if I'd known it was your birthday.
• I would have bought you a present if I had known it was your birthday.
• If you'd given me your e-mail, I'd have written to you.
• If you had given me your e-mail, I would have written to you.

The perfect conditional tense

The perfect conditional of any verb is composed of three elements:
would + have + past participle
Have followed by the past participle is used in other constructions as well. it is called the "perfect infinitive".

 

Subject	+ would	+ have	+ past participle
He	would	have	gone
They	would	have	stayed

 Perfect conditional tense

The perfect conditional of any verb consists of three elements:
would + have + past participle
Have followed by a past participle is also used in other patterns. This pattern is called the "perfect infinitive".

 

 

 

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 2

 Conditional Sentence Type 2

 This type is used to say something that is very unlikely to happen, or in other words, is almost impossible. This type of conditional sentence is suitable for expressing dreams and fantasies. The formula is:

If + past tense, past future

 Past future + if + past tense

 Example of sentences:

● If I became the President of this country, I would pay more attention to teachers' prosperity.

(If I become president of this country, I will pay more attention to the welfare of teachers.)

The sentence reveals what the speaker will do if he becomes president, however, if the speaker uses type 2 conditional sentences, it means that he thinks he will not become president in this country.

●If he didn’t have to work late, he could go out with his girlfriend.

●What would you do if you were offered a job in Canada?

●You wouldn’t have to walk everywhere if you bought a bike.

Formulas for Conditional Sentence Type 2

The conditional clause (if + condition) uses the simple past tense , while the main clause (result) section uses the modal verb and the bare infinitive (the infinitive without to ).

complex sentence

subordinate clause (if + condition)

main clause (result / consequence)

if + simple past

would / could / might + bare infinitive

formula and explanation of conditional sentence type 2

If-clause can be at the beginning or middle of a sentence. When if-clause takes place at the beginning of the sentence, a comma is placed before the main clause . If… not can be replaced by unless .

Were Replacing Was

In type 2 conditional sentences , were is used in place of was even though it uses a singular subject (single subject: 3rd person pronoun (she, he, it) or noun ). This is to show that the supposition is really just a delusion, because the conditions are unlikely to be met (present unreal situation).

complex sentence

subordinate clause (if + condition)

main clause (result / consequence)

if + S + were

would / could / might + bare infinitive

The present conditional tense

The present conditional of any verb is composed of two elements:

would + the infinitive of the main verb, without "to"

Subject

+ would

+ infinitive

He

would

go

They

would

stay

To Go: present conditional

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

Interrogative negative

I would go

I wouldn't go

Would I go?

Wouldn't I go?

You would go

You wouldn't go

Would you go?

Wouldn't you go?

He would go

He wouldn't go

Would he go?

Wouldn't he go?

She would go

She wouldn't go

Would she go?

Wouldn't she go?

We would go

We wouldn't go

Would we go?

Wouldn't we go?

They would go

They wouldn't go

Would they go?

Wouldn't they go?

Examples of Type 2 Conditional Sentence Sentences

Sentence

Examples of Type 2 Conditional Sentence Sentences

(+)

If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.

(If it rains tomorrow, I'll sleep all day.)

Fact:

but I don't have much hope it will rain (but I don't have enough confidence that it will rain tomorrow)

If Nisa studied hard, she would pass.

(If Nisa studies hard, she will graduate.)

Fact:

but Nisa doesn't study hard (but Nisa doesn't study hard.)

If I had much money, I would buy a sport car.

(If I had a lot of money, I'd buy a sports car .)

Fact:

but I don't have much money (but I don't have much money)

If I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.

(If I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.)

Fact:

but I'm not a millionaire (but I'm not a millionaire)

(-)

If Nisa studied hard, she wouldn't fail.

(If Nisa studies hard, she won't fail.)

If Nisa didn't study hard, she would fail. or Unless Nisa studied hard, she would fail.

(If Nisa doesn't study hard, she will fail.)

If I were a millionaire, I wouldn't donate my money to charity.

(?)

If Nisa studied hard, would she pass?

If you had much money, would you buy a sport car?

If you were a millionaire, would you donate my money to charity?

Inverted Word Order on Conditional Sentence Type 2

Inverted word order means the verb appears before the subject . This condition can occur by removing the word "if" and changing the subject and verb positions . An example is as follows.

Normal

Inverted

If I (S) were (V) the shopkeeper, I would give you discounts.

(If I were a shop owner, I would have given you a discount.)

Were (V) I (S) the shopkeeper, I would give you discounts.

That’s an explanation from me, hope it is useful for reader. Thank you

Conditional Sentence Type 1

 Conditional Sentence Type 1

This type is also relatively easy to understand.  Type 1 conditional sentences are used to say something that may happen in the future.  That is, if you use this conditional sentence, it means that you are sure that the assumption is still possible in the future.  The formula used is as follows:

 If + simple present, present future (will)

 Present future + if + simple present

■ Function

Type 1 conditional refers to conditions that may occur and the possible results.  These sentences are based on facts and are used to make statements about the real world and certain situations.  We often use sentences like this to provide warnings.  In type 1 conditional sentences, the time is the present or the future and the situation is real.

 Example of sentences:

 ●If you tell her the truth, she will forgive you.

(If you tell him the truth, then he will forgive  you.)

●If we arrive late, we must get a taxi.

●He’ll call if he needs help.

●Take a break if you’re tired.

EXAMPLE

 If I have money, I will buy house for my parents.
( Jika saya memiliki uang, saya akan membelikan rumah untuk orangtua saya)

 If Raina study hard, she will get A for the tests.
( Jika Raina belajar keras, dia akan mendapat nilai A untuk ujian-ujiannya)

 If I pass the exam, my father will buy me a car.
( Jika saya lulus ujian, ayah akan membelikan saya sebuah mobil)

 If the driver arrive at time, she will not be late.
( Jika supirnya datang tepat waktu, dia tidak akan terlambat)

If the weather is nice, she will go to the beach.
( Jika cuacanya bagus, ia akan pergi ke pantai)

If Jack has money, he will pay his debt.
( Jika Jack punya uang, ia akan membayar hutangnya)

 If I find Ruby’s adress, I will pay her a visit.
( Jika saya menemukan alamat rumah Ruby, saya akan mengunjunginya).

 If Aline cannot find Winda, she will give her a call.
( Jika Aline tidak bisa menemukan Winda, ia akan meneleponnya)

 If the housekeeper do not clean the house, auntie will get mad.
( Jika pembantu itu tidak membersihkan rumah, tante akan marah)

 If mom do not cook, we will go out to eat.
( Jika ibu tidak memasak, kami akan pergi keluar untuk makan)

Form

In a type 1 conditional sentence, the tense in the "if" clause is the simple present, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future.

If clause (condition)	Main clause (result)
If + simple present	simple future
If this thing happens	that thing will happen.

As in all conditional sentences, the order of the clauses is not fixed. You may have to rearrange the pronouns and adjust punctuation when you change the order of the clauses, but the meaning is identical.

Examples

• If it rains, you will get wet.
• You will get wet if it rains.
• If Sally is late again I will be mad.
• I will be mad if Sally is late again.
• If you don't hurry, you will miss the bus.
• You will miss the bus if you don't hurry.

Uses of the Conditional

First conditional

• Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
• Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
• e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
• If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble

Function

The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. These sentences are based on facts, and they are used to make statements about the real world, and about particular situations. We often use such sentences to give warnings. In type 1 conditional sentences, the time is the present or future and the situation is real.

Examples

• If I have time, I'll finish that letter.
• What will you do if you miss the plane?
• Nobody will notice if you make a mistake.
• If you drop that glass, it will break.
• If you don't drop the gun, I'll shoot!
• If you don't leave, I'll call the police.

In type 1 conditional sentences, you can also use modals in the main clause instead of the future tense to express the degree of certainty, permission, or a recommendation about the outcome.

Examples

• If you drop that glass, it might break.
• I may finish that letter if I have time.
• If he calls you, you should go.
• If you buy my school supplies for me, I will be able to go to the park.

Example Of Sentences First Type If Conditional

• If you buy Bitcoin right now, you will be rich.
• I will be the winner in this singing competition if I show the judges my best performance.
• Rania will go to Disneyland if she gets a raise.
• If Tantra joins a Poker tournament, he will win the game.
• If you consume garlic and green tea regularly, you will live longer.
• If you put on this cologne, Tania will be attracted to you.
• You will lose all your money if you go for second round.
• If we talk about the deal over dinner, Mr. Richard will agree to sell his land to our company.